Fig 1: Hepatic steatosis in LivCox10−/−livers after influenza infection. (A) Representative EMs of livers isolated from uninfected mice (left column) or after PR8 infection (right column). Black arrows indicate mitochondria. White arrows indicate lipid. N: nucleus. Scale bar = 1 μm. N = 4 mice/group. Data are representative of three experiments. (B) Representative ORO stains of liver tissue prepared from uninfected (right column) or PR8-infected mice. Scale bar = 50 μm. N = 4 mice/group. Data are representative of three experiments. (C) Expression of PPARα protein in lysates prepared from liver tissue harvested from uninfected (solid circles) or PR8-infected (open circles) LivCox10+/+ and LivCox10−/− mice. N = 3–4 mice/group. (D) Expression of ACADVL (top) and HADHA (bottom) proteins in liver lysates. N = 3–4 mice/group. (E) Heatmap of z-scores from acylcarnitine analyses of livers. N = 8 mice/group. Data represent mean ± SEM. ∗P < 0.05, ∗∗P < 0.01, and ∗∗∗P < 0.001.
Fig 2: Perm1 knockout downregulated fat and carbohydrate metabolism-related proteins. (a) Expression levels of fat metabolism genes in Perm1 KO mice. Expression levels of the indicated fat metabolism genes were examined by RT-PCR. Samples were normalized by 15S gene expression, including Cpt1β, Cpt2, Mcad, Lcad, and Vlcad. The mean value from WT mice was expressed as 1 (N = 6), WT (3 male + 3 female); KO (3 male + 3 female), 2 months old. (b) Expression levels of carbohydrate metabolism genes in Perm1 KO mice. Expression levels of the indicated fat metabolism genes were examined by RT-PCR. Samples were normalized by 15S gene expression, including Slc2a1, Slc2a4, Hk1, Hk2, Pdk4, and Aldoa. The mean value from WT mice was expressed as 1 (N = 6), WT (3 male + 3 female); KO (3 male + 3 female), 2 months old. (c) Western blots showing CPT1β, VLCAD, and MCAD protein levels. The intensity was normalized by GAPDH (N = 6), WT (3 male + 3 female); KO (3 male + 3 female), 2 months old. (d) The heart lysate of WT and Perm1 KO mice were analyzed with a fatty acid oxidation (FAO) assay kit. The level of FAO was normalized by that in WT mice. WT (4 male + 4 female); KO (4 male + 4 female), 2 months old. (e) Western blots showing HK2, GLUT1, and GLUT4 protein levels. The intensity was normalized by GAPDH (N = 6), WT (3 male + 3 female); KO (3 male + 3 female), 2 months old. The statistical significance was determined with Student’s t test, *p < 0.05 was considered significant.
Supplier Page from Abcam for Anti-ACADVL/VLCAD antibody